Category: Gardening & plants

Plants, fruits, vegetables and flowers are all beautiful to have in your home. Most plant loving people like to have some in their homes either indoors or outdoors. Apart from providing you food and fruits, these are equally good at providing a pleasant environment. They give a refreshing feeling and also purify the air. Additionally, they give a decorative touch to your home.

Having a backyard garden is something that is very common in every part of the world. Growing an outdoor home garden is quite easy but when it comes to growing an indoor garden in your home, it needs a certain level of expertise on your part. Growing a DIY indoor garden is gaining popularity these days. It provides you with an uninterrupted supply of fresh fruits, vegetables and flowers, in addition to decorating your home.

In this article, we will let you know how to grow an indoor garden?

Select The Type Or Style Of Indoor Garden

Basically, there are two different styles of indoor gardens. First and the most popular is Container Gardens and the second style of indoor garden is Hydroponic Gardens. While most people are quite familiar with the container gardens, though hydroponic gardens may be something new for some people.

Container Gardens

As the name suggests, this type of garden is grown in containers or pots that are then placed indoors according to your liking in different styles and places in your home. In this type of indoor gardens, you can grow anything you want.

Hydroponic Gardens

In this type of indoor gardens, no soil is used and the plants are fed with fertilized water. Good option for growing a lot of plants using a limited space. However, most vegetables are grown using the hydroponic technology.

Select The Right Space

Once you have selected the style of an indoor garden for your home, next is to select the right space for placing your garden.

• Select a space which receives reasonable sunlight during the day. It may be near windows. Placing your container or hydroponic garden near a window allows heat and light, which is the basic requirement of a plant.

• Rooms or spaces which are colder, should not be selected to place your indoor garden.
• Select a space which is away from fans, heaters and vents, as these tend to dry out your plants.

Controlled Environment

The environment includes temperature, soil type and watering. One of the reasons why one opts to grow an indoor garden is the controlled environment. So, the control over these things is much more necessary for the success of any indoor garden. These may change a little depending on the type of garden and the type of fruits or vegetables you are growing.

• Heat mats may be used to maintain the soil temperature within the permissible range i.e. 24-29 degrees centigrade. There are specialized heat mats available in the market that provide heat to the pots and containers from the bottom, thus regulating the soil temperature.

• To control the watering, you may use drip irrigation system coupled with timers. This will ensure timely watering of plants in required amounts. Drip system comprises of small tubes that run through the entire garden and watering is regulated with a timer and a pump.
• The lighting system is the third factor of a controlled environment. Although we recommend placing your indoor garden near windows so that natural sunlight and heat may be provided to the plants but in many cases, you have to rely on the artificial lighting system. This can be done either by utilizing normal fluorescent lights or you can also buy a specialized lighting system for your garden, readily available with any good garden shop.

Selection Of Plants

Almost all plants can be grown indoors but some may flourish easily while others may not perform as good as other can do. So, while selecting the plants keep in mind the types and varieties of different fruits and vegetables that grow well indoors.

Amongst the vegetables, lettuce, peas, beans and mushrooms grow well indoors, while fruits such as strawberries also do well indoors. Flowers such as marigold, cactus and various succulents can flourish easily in your indoor gardens. When it comes to the herbs, you may opt for basil, oregano, parsley and rosemary for your indoor gardens. All depends on your choice and requirement.

Selection Of Containers

When growing container type of indoor gardens, selection of containers or pots is very important. Almost everything can be used to create containers such as plastic bottles, vases, cans, cups and so many other things.

The most important thing to remember is, plastic containers are the best option for indoor gardens owing to their ability to retain moisture. Similarly, never use a container or pot which has chemicals in it.

In case you go for wooden containers, cedar or redwood is the best option. Whatever type of container you may use, make sure it must have holes in the bottom for drainage.

Preparation Of Potting Mixture

Things to remember while preparing a potting mixture are as under:

• Never use garden soil, as it may carry pests and diseases.

• If possible buy a potting mixture from your nearest garden shop. This is the safest and easiest option.
• If you go for preparing your own mixture, you will need one part coir peat, two parts compost and one part vermiculite.
• Soak the coir peat and vermiculite and then add compost to it. You may also add one cup of worm casting if you can.

Placing Your Indoor Garden

There are many options available for you depending on the size and style you want. You may place the containers in shelves that have the facility of artificial lights. Additionally, these shelves must have a drip irrigation system. Design and pattern of shelves depend on your aesthetic sense.

Maintenance Of Indoor Gardens

For the success of your indoor gardens, you need to maintain it properly.

• Always maintain a minimum temperature level of 21 degrees centigrade.
• Remove the plants that start wilting or developing brown spots.

• Add compost after a regular interval of two months.
• If possible, you can give your plants liquid fertilizer through drip irrigation system.

Hydroponic Gardens

Hydroponic gardens need a little more expertise. Basically, it comprises of a water tank placed inches above the ground and stalks of shelves are placed over it. Fertilized water is fed from the water tank to the shelves and excess water drops back into the tank.

Following things need to be kept in mind in case you are growing an indoor hydroponic garden:

• Use one big container instead of many small containers.
• Place your hydroponic garden near windows so that they can get natural sunlight.

• Always place the hydroponic garden on the hard surface, preferably the floor. Avoid placing it on carpets.
• You can use substrates such as coco coir, clay or peat moss for growing plants.
• Adjust the speed of your water supply pump so that fertilized water is supplied to the plants just inappropriate quantity.
• Use artificial lighting system if direct sunlight is insufficient.
• Entire water should be replaced occasionally.

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Citronella is herbaceous plant similar to lemongrass. While the leaves of lemongrass are just like a glass blade, the Citronella leaves are similar to geranium. Known for its ability to repel mosquitoes, Citronella is frequently grown in gardens and indoors almost everywhere in the world.

The scientific name of this plant is Pelargonium Citrosum. It is a genus of shrubs and trees under the family Cardipteridaceae. Its native place is Central and South America, Southeast Asia and part of Islands of Western Pacific. Basically, it belongs to the tropical regions.

As such these plants are vulnerable to frost and cold. So, normally in the tropical conditions, it survives and grows successfully in gardens but in the cold areas, it needs to be shifted indoor during the frosty weather conditions.

Citronella is an evergreen and perennial plant in warmer areas whereas it is a cold tender annual plant in frosty conditions. It can attain a height of up to three feet when grown in gardens but remains somewhat dwarf if grown in pots and containers. Normally they require bright sunshine for the most part of the day but they have the ability to survive well under partial shade as well.

Though basically, they have the reputation of a mosquito repellent, Citronella is also known for its fragrance. That’s why it is also used in bouquets. Its leaves give quite a nice and pleasant fragrance when rubbed or crushed.

People love to place Citronella in porches that helps repel mosquitoes and gives a pleasant fragrance as well. It doesn’t need any extra care or maintenance. That makes it a firsthand choice for any household.

Though it needs very little care, in this article we will give you some useful tips on how to care for citronella, enabling you to keep your plants in good healthier conditions.

Climate

Citronella needs a warm atmosphere to flourish. As said earlier, it may need a bright direct sunshine for quite an extended period during the day. So, better to plant them in a place where ample sunshine is available.

However, they can survive well in a partial shady condition also. But these are vulnerable to frost. Therefore in cold areas, you must shift these plants to inside during the winter season, especially when it is frosty.

Despite the fact that they need to be shifted inside during the winter, they still need the good amount of sunlight during this frosty weather condition. So, when shifted inside, make sure to place them near the windows where ample sunshine is available for a good part of the day.

Care While Inside

When placed inside, Citronella needs a little bit of extra care. It needs sunlight, so place them near a window. Deep watering is also required for Citronella while placed inside. Additionally, they may require a couple of doses of nutrients mixed in plant food or fertilizer.

Soil

Citronella plants need a well-drained soil, otherwise, they may develop various diseases under overwatering conditions. So, take care of soil; make sure it drains out sufficiently.

However, a situation may arise, when soil becomes unable to drain out the excess water. This is the time to replace the old soil with new and fresh one. Remove the plant gently and throw away the old soil, replace new fresh soil and replant the citronella.

Propagation

Citronella has a woody stem, which enables you to propagate new plants. Expert recommends layering technique to get new plants each time you may need to have. Let’s see what is layering and how it is done.

• Place a container or pot just next to the existing citronella plant. Fill the pot or container with good quality potting soil. This should be done during the summer season, preferably during the latter half.
• Now bend the stem of the existing citronella plant very carefully so that it doesn’t break. Bring this bent stem over the soil in your new pot or container.
• Bury this stem in the soil of the pot. Make sure that at least one leaf must be attached near the point where you bury the stem in soil. Place a stone or any other such thing that can hold the stem in that position.
• Give water to the new pot regularly so that the soil remains moist but not overwatered. 
• Keep a close watch on this new pot and you will notice that the stem has developed its roots inside the pot within a couple of weeks.
• Once the stem has developed its own roots, it is now time to cut it from the mother plant carefully.
• By now winter season must have set in, so it is now time to shift your newly propagated plant inside to protect it from cold weather conditions. But make sure it gets ample sunlight while kept inside.

For taking benefit of citronella as a mosquito repellent plant, you have to grow it in the garden. For this purpose, dig a hole in the ground that should be double the size of the pot from where you intend to transplant the Citronella in your backyard garden.

Carefully uproot the plant from the pot and place it in the hole dug in the ground for this purpose. Fill the hole with a good quality potting soil mixture. The mixture must contain three parts of potting soil and one part normal garden soil. Don’t forget to give water at this stage.

As this plant needs direct sunlight, make sure that the place selected for growing your Citronella for mosquito repelling should be placed in your garden where it can get the good amount of direct sunshine for the most part of the day.

Citronella plant also has different uses other than the mosquito repelling ability. It has its own medicinal and cosmetic properties as well. For this, you have to prepare the citronella oil, which is extracted from the leaves and stems of the Citronella.

It has its utility as an analgesic, antibacterial, fungicidal, antiseptic and sedative agent. It is also used as an anxiety-relieving agent through aromatherapy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejAvBDPcmfM

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Lotus flower is an aquatic flower that can be found in most parts of the world, in or near ponds, swamps, lagoons or lakes. It is a spring flower and remains blooming till the end of summer season. It is a beautiful flower, just like all other flowers. So, it is widely used in the decoration of homes, all around the world.

Lotus flower is native to Asia but can be seen almost in every part of the world. It is often called as Indian lotus, Indian bean, Egyptian bean, Sacred lotus or more commonly, Lotus. Its scientific name is Nelumbo Nucifera. It belongs to the genus Nelumbo under the plant family Nelumonaceae. Scientifically it is an aquatic perennial plant.

Its seeds can survive for years if kept in the favorable environment. In China, they recovered lotus seeds from a dried out lakebed that were 1300 years old. These seeds were treated and lotus plant was grown from these seeds, successfully.

Another flower known as water lilies are just like the lotus flower but botanically these are two different flowers belonging to different genus and family.

A study shows that around 70% of this flower is produced in China for human consumption. An area of around 7,40,000 acres is the cultivation of Lotus in China, mainly in managed farming in fields flooded with water or in the ponds. Mostly it is grown under crop rotation system with Rice.

Lotus has many utilities, such as water treatment. Lotus has the ability to remove heavy metals and water pollutions from the wastewater. It helps the enhanced growth of algae in the ponds and lakes, as its leaves block the sunlight from penetrating deep in the water.

It is also helpful in enhancing the oxygen level in ponds and lakes, apart from assimilating the higher contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.

So, you might be interested in these beautiful flowers, this article will guide you on how to take care of lotus flowers.

Climate / Weather Conditions

Lotus is an aquatic flower that blossoms during spring and summer. It needs a moderate climate to grow and is lesser resistant to very low temperatures. That’s why it grows well during summer but vanishes during peak winter season. Lotus flower grows in water, so the minimum depth of the pond or lake should be more than one foot.

The lotus flower can grow up to a height of 8 feet. It needs a temperature of more than 13 degrees centigrade for germination.  For its growth, it requires a daytime temperature between the ranges of 23-27 degrees centigrade.

Its tubers cannot resist cold but if covered well with water and soil, can survive below the freezing temperature as well. Its roots need proper protection during the winter season, so store them at a place that is frost free.

Lotus flower is vulnerable to the attack of snails. So, you need to take care of lotus flowers to protect them from the severity of cold and at the same time protect them from the attack of snails.

Growing / Planting The Lotus Flower

Lotus needs a loamy soil rich with nutrients. The rhizomes are planted in the ponds or in the fields flooded with water (just like the rice field), having the minimum of one eye. It can also be grown through seeds and buds.

For growing lotus through seeds, you need to follow the process as under:

• Seeds of the lotus have the sharp pointed tip. First of all, you have to scar the tip with a metal file.
• Place filed seeds of lotus in warm water. Make sure that water must be free of chlorine.
• Change water daily till such time that the seeds start germinating.
• Once the seeds have started germinating change the water again.
• Watch the lotus seeds closely. When the flower attains a size of more than 15 cm, it needs to be shifted to some bigger container.

• If possible use a black colored container, as it will help retain the heat, much required by the lotus flower to flouris. Take large containers that should be around 20 liters capacity. Fill soil for about 15 cm deep in this container. Insert the germinated lotus in this soil taking care that it should not be damaged. Then cover it with the thin layer of soil.
• Now shift this container or pot in the water pool that should have water around 45 centimeters deep and temperature should be 21 degrees centigrade.
• Remove any unwanted leaves, especially the yellow ones. Such leaves often appear during the autumn. Remove them immediately.
• Protect the lotus flower from freezing temperatures.

Important

• Infertile seeds of lotus cannot swell like the fertile ones. So, if you observe any such seed, while soaked in water, remove them immediately.

• Another indication of infertile seeds is that they float on the surface of the water. Remove such seeds as well.

Harvesting

• Stolon can be harvested after three months of planting but before the start of flowering. Harvesting of stolon can be done manually by pulling it out from the water. But before pulling them out, you need to shake them a little so that extra leaves should fall in the water.
• For harvesting the flowers, you have to wait for little more than three months. Flowering starts within a period of two to three months after planting.

• Normally you may pick the flowers on alternate days in summer season. In winter you can pick the flowers after an interval of three days.
• Production of flowers comes to its peak after about four months of planting.
• Seeds can be harvested in shape of seed pods after about 8 months from planting. At this stage, seed pods must be of black color.
• Place these seed pods in open sun for two to three days to allow them to dry out. Once dried, seeds can then be separated using mechanical tools.
• Rhizomes get ready for harvesting within a period of nine months from planting. These are rich in starch and are used for eating purpose as well.

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Living wall, also known as a green wall or vertical garden, is gaining popularity in many parts of the world. It is a wall covered by greenery, which has living plants, planted on a suitable growing medium, like soil or substrate.

To make the plants live longer, an inbuilt or supplementary watering system is also included in the living wall. Since it is relatively more difficult to arrange to water for a vertical garden or living wall, people prefer to plant succulents that can survive longer with minimum watering.

Green wall or living wall should not be confused with the green façade. The main difference between a living wall and a green façade is the placement of growing medium. In green façade, growing medium or soil is placed on the base of the green wall, either in containers or directly in the ground.

This type of green façade mainly has climbing plants. But living wall or vertical garden is grown on the growing medium, placed on the face of the living wall. Succulent plants are the most favorite for a living wall for indoors.

On large scale or commercial basis, there are many famous green walls such as green wall of the historic center of Mexico, green wall at Atocha Station in Madrid and a green wall made in a children museum in Ontario, Canada.

There are so many benefits of making a living wall in your homes, such as providing a pleasant environment inside your rooms and decoration. It also helps maintain room temperature to a lower degree. Green wall or a living wall can easily be made at home, though some pre-fabricated green walls are also available in some areas, in different shapes and sizes.

But as said earlier, making a green wall or living wall at home is quite easy and at the same time is quite an interesting task. So, if you are interested to know how to make a living wall with succulents, at home, this article will be helpful for you.

Type Of Living Walls, Based On The Type Of Growing Medium

Mostly the green walls or living walls are made up of panels that can hold the growing medium or soil. On the basis of it, the living walls are categorized into different types, loose media, structural media, sheet media and mat media.

Loose Medium

In this type of living walls, growing medium or soil is packed in bag or shelf, which is then installed on the wall. You can give different shapes and styles to this type of wall, as you may like, with the help of a wooden or steel frame. In this type particularly, you will have to replace the soil at least once a year.

One negative point is their susceptibility against the seismic activities; growing medium or even the plants can be blown away in case of a high magnitude seismic activity. However, it can be controlled with the help of a frame and a shield over the growing medium.

Mat Medium

In this type of living walls, growing medium is a coir fiber. It can also be a felt mat. Normally the mats are very thin and are placed in multiple layers. This makes them more reliable that can hold the plants for up to a period of five years.

At this stage, i.e. after five years, roots of the plants completely overtake the mats; hence you have to replace them. But be careful not to replace the entire mat at once. Replace it in parts, cutting one section at one time and replacing it with the new mat. Then wait for some time, enabling the plant to spread its roots in this new section of a mat and then cut the other section.

Sheet Medium

This type of living wall has a system of semi-open sheet medium (polyurethane sheeting) just like an egg crate. Quite a useful medium for both indoors and outdoors living walls. Water holding capacity in this type of walls is much more than the felt or mat type medium. Its useful life may extend up to twenty years.

It is made up like a sandwich, a waterproof sheet on the backside, two layers of polyurethane sheets over it and covered with mesh or bars that also hold it with the wall. In first urethane sheet, small pockets are made by cutting it, and plants are inserted in these pockets.

Structural Medium

As evident from the name, these type of living walls have growing medium in structural blocks that are neither loose nor mats. These structural blocks can be of any size or shape that you may require to give a beautiful and decorative look to your exterior or interior. If properly maintained, such type of living walls can survive for more than fifteen years.

How To Prepare Living Wall With Succulents?

Whatever medium you may prefer for your home living wall made up of succulents, the process is almost the same. However, we recommend that you should start with a loose medium type of living wall in your home.

• Mark the space on the wall where you want to install the living wall.
• Cut the landscape fabric and hardware fabric according to the design or landscape and place it on the bottom of the planting box. Fix the hardware fabric tightly on the base of the box.
• Prepare the outer and inner frame either with wood or with steel sheet. Paint the frame to fit the design of your living wall and the overall ambiance of your room
• Now fix the growing box into the frame. The main purpose of this outer frame is to give a beautiful shape and design to the wall, whereas the plants are planted in the growing box.

• Prepare your growing medium with one part normal soil, two parts sand and four parts potting or gardening soil. Fill your growing box with this mixture and add some water in it. After waiting for a few minutes add some more soil making sure that the box is filled completely up to the hardware fabric.
• Now plant the succulents in this box. Placement of plants depends on your aesthetic sense. Remember you are preparing this wall to add some beauty and decoration to your room. So, fill this box with succulents to give a beautiful look.
• Now you have to hang this box along with the outer frame fixed with it, onto the wall. Use strong brackets and hooks to hang it on the wall, ensuring that it doesn’t fall.
• Keep a close watch on your succulents. Whenever you see the soil drying out, give some water to them. Avoid too much of watering.

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Roses are one of the most favorite flowers of people all around the world. Normally the roses are of white and red in color but there are so many different colors of roses grown in different parts of the world. Roses are loved by the people due to its fragrance and beautiful colors. In fact, when we think of flowers, the first thing which comes to our mind is a rose flower.

Rose flower is the most favorite topic in literature, almost all around the world, in almost every language. It is the symbol of love. But more importantly, it is the essential part of your home when it comes to the decoration.

Roses of different colors are used to decorate your rooms. It gives a nice feeling, when you have roses in your home or room, either grown in pots or in shape of cut flowers, placed in a vase in your bedroom.

One may have a wide range of roses of different colors grown in the home garden but at times, you may need to have a rose flower of a specific color that is not readily available in your garden.

Similarly, there may be some unique colors which cannot be grown in your garden. But don’t worry, you can get the rose flower of any color of your choice even if you don’t have a rose plant of that color in your garden. Yes, you can dye white roses to any color of your choice.

When it comes to the color of the roses, blue roses are perhaps the most loved ones. You may come across a situation where you need to have blue roses in your room for decoration or for any other purpose but this is not available in your garden.

Next option may be is to buy it from local flower shop but that may cost you much. We, therefore, have another option for you which is quite simple, easy and may not cost you much. You can dye the white roses in blue color very easily at your own.

In this article, we will give you some useful tips on how to create natural blue roses. We are not talking about growing blue roses in your garden; it’s all about dyeing or coloring the roses in blue color when you don’t have one in your garden.

How To Dye Roses?

Though you can dye rose of any color into one of your choices, it is strongly recommended that you should use white roses for dyeing in different colors, especially the blue color.

Reason? If you try to dye a yellow rose into the blue color, the result will be a green colored rose flower, not the blue. That’s why it is very important to use white roses to color in blue or any other color you may like.

There are basically three methods of dyeing a rose, explained below.

Method # 1

This is the simplest method of dyeing a white rose in any color of your choice such as blue.

• Buy white roses from the flower shop that has a reasonably long stem.
• Take a plastic container filled with water.
• Dip the stem of the white rose deep in the water and cut the stem down to 12 inches.
• Cut the stem at an angle, instead of cutting it straight. This will prevent the stem sitting flat in the container. Cutting the stem while it is dipped in water prevents bubbles in the stem. So, make sure to cut the stem at an angle deep under the water. Doing so enables the white roses to absorb the color fast.
• Trim off all thorns and leave that accompanying the rose flower.
• You may also reduce the size of stem dipped in water, if you want them to take the color faster.

• Now your white roses are ready to get color of your choice. Place it in a plastic vase filled with simple water for the time being.
• Now prepare the dye bath. Take half cup of warm water and add 25-30 drops of food color of your choice.
• Now dip the stem in this prepared color mixture. Take care that only the stem should be dipped in the colored water, not the rose petals.
• Within a period of 4-5 hours, your white rose will absorb the color and you will see a light blue colored rose.
• For a deeper color, you will have to wait for almost two days. After 48 hours, your white rose flower will turn into a beautiful deep blue color.
• Once the rose has taken the color of your choice, immediately shift it to another vase filled 3/4th with plain water, so that it lives longer.

Method # 2

Most of the process is the same with all three methods. The difference between the first and the second method is the way you cut the stem. This method is useful for dyeing the rose in more than one colors.

• After cutting down the stem to 12 inches at an angle, split it halfway. Using a sharp knife split the half stem lengthwise.
• If the stem is thicker, it can be split into three or more sections, depending on the thickness of the stem.
• Immediately after splitting the stem, shift the roses in a vase filled with plain water. Meanwhile prepare the dye mixture, in the same way as done in method # 1.

• Prepare dye mixture of different colors of your choice, in separate jars for each color.
• Place the jars filled with different colored mixtures, close to each other. Dip the split sections of the rose flower, one section in one jar.
• After a few hours, you will see the white rose turning into a multicolored flower.
• Once your white roses attain the colors of your choice, shift them into a vase containing plain water.

Method # 3

As said above, the basic process is the same for all the three methods.

While following the same process, come to the preparation of dye mixture. Take one gallon of water and mix food color in it. Add one tablespoon of alum in it. The floral dye can also be purchased from the market and can be prepared according to the instructions given on the packaging.

Instead of dipping the stem into the dye mixture, you have to dip the flower itself in the mixture. While holding the rose flower upside down by the stem, dip the flower (petals) in the dye mixture and swirl it around for a few seconds.

Now lift up the rose by stem while the flower itself should be above the jar. Gently shake the flower so that the extra mixture drops down in the jar and flower is clear of the water.

Now rinse the flower with plain water and shake it again to get rid of entire water. If you feel that the color is darker than you require, you can rinse it once more for some more time. Let the flower dry for some time, so that the color comes out brightly. Once the coloring has been done, immediately shift the roses in vase having plain water.

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Flowers are so beautiful that everyone love to have in their home garden and indoors. Among the wide range of flowers, Roses are perhaps the most favorite in almost every part of the world. Due to their beautiful appearance, the variety of colors and unique fragrance, Roses are one of the most planted flowers.

There are hundreds of species of roses grown in different parts of the world. The name rose comes from the French language. Roses are a favorite topic of poetry and literature all around the world in different languages, such as French, English and Urdu.

Rose plant is the woody perennial plant that gives beautiful flowers. It belongs to the Genus Rosa under the family Rosaceae. Rose plant can either be in the form of shrubs or it may be in the shape of a climbing or trailing plant with large stem, having sharp prickles. Rose plant can attain a height of 7 meters, whereas most varieties are in the shape of a compact bushy plant.

It produces flowers of different sizes and shapes. Usually the flowers in large size. Flowers are of different colors, most prominent being red, white and yellow among all colors. Though the native area of rose is Asia, some varieties come from Europe, America and Africa.

However, it is successfully grown in almost all parts of the world and under all types of climatic conditions. Rose flowers mostly contain five petals, with exception of one variety Rosa sericea, which has four petals. Every petal contains two lobes that are normally pink or white. Some may be of red or yellow color.

Roses are mostly used as ornamental plants and are usually grown in home gardens and even indoors for their beautiful flowers. However, they are also grown commercially in perfumery industry and cut flowers.

Rose plant is also one of the best choices for making hedges and for landscaping. They are even used in some medicines, though a medicinal value of roses is not so prominent. Rose flowers are also used in many foods and drinks.

A rose plant is quite useful in so many of things so it must be a part of your home garden. But, as with other plants, rose plant is also susceptible to various pests and diseases. These are normally attacked by different insects and fungi. Owing to this, rose plants need an extra bit of care against such attacks. Here in this article, we are suggesting some useful tips on how to get rid of pests in rose bushes.

Pests And Diseases Of Rose Bushes

There are so many pests, insects and diseases that may attack your beautiful rose plants in your home garden. This may include Aphids, Spider Mites and Japanese Beetles in insects category, while powdery mildew, black spots and rust come under the fungal attacks. It can also be attacked by Chlorosis, though not a disease or pest, rather it is a kind of nitrogen or iron deficiency.

How To Get Rid Of These Diseases And Pests?

There are so many medicines and sprays available in the market that can be used commercially to control such diseases and pests. But for home gardens that may be an expensive option. That’s why we are suggesting here, some other tricks based on homemade remedies to these diseases and pests.

Chlorosis

As said earlier, chlorosis is neither a pest nor a disease; it is the deficiency of iron or nitrogen, normally observed in home gardens. In case of iron deficiency, leaves of the rose plant get yellow whereas the veins of the leaves remain green. But in case of nitrogen deficiency, the color of entire leaf including its veins, fades out and turns yellow.

When your garden is affected with this deficiency, you need to spread a mixture of compost with sulphate on the soil around the rose plants, so that it may penetrate and reach the roots of the plant. Take one cup of iron sulphate and mix it with one cup of compost. If your garden shows signs of nitrogen deficiency, you may spread coffee grounds on the soil around the rose plants.

Fungal Diseases

Rose plant is susceptible to three types of fungal attack, rust, black spots and powdery mildew. There are different homemade treatments for curing these fungal diseases.

• Take 16 bags of chamomile tea. Alternately you can take two cups of dried chamomile flowers. Mix either of these two in a half gallon of water for around half an hour. Spray this mixture on the affected plants. Hopefully, either of the above mentioned three types of fungal attacks can be managed with this homemade trick.
• Another trick is to dissolve two crushed aspirin in one-quarter of water and spray it on the affected rose plants to get rid of fungal diseases
• If you observe powdery mildew or black spots on your rose plants, it can be easily cured with a homemade mixture. Two teaspoonfuls of baking soda and the half teaspoon of soap in liquid form, mixed in a half gallon of water will be an effective spray for getting rid of powdery mildew and black spot.
• For powdery mildew, another useful mixture may be prepared by mixing 1 part milk in 9 parts of water.

Japanese Beetles

Japanese beetles are a common threat to rose bushes in many parts of the world. This can, however, be controlled through various homemade techniques.

• One simple method, used by some gardeners is to handpick the Japanese beetles from the affected plants and throw them in soapy water. Very time consuming and laborious method, hence not recommended for large sized gardens.
• Another useful trick is to prepare a mixture of larkspur or delphinium leaves and one around 4.5 liters of water. Blend it strongly in a blender. Spray this mixture onto the affected rose plants.
• Insecticidal soap can also be a useful spray to control Japanese beetles.

Aphids And Spider Mites

Now we move onto the largest possible threat to your rose garden, the spider mites and aphids. These are small insects that may attack your rose plant at any time. Normally these can be seen on leaves of your rose plant or rose bushes.

The best option to fight against the attack of aphids and mites is to simply spray a blast of water on the leaves. Care is however required with the rose plants suffering from mildew; here you need to spray water early morning so that they can get dry by the end of day. Different mixtures can be tried as under:

• Take a quarter cup of buttermilk, two cups of wheat and mix in two and a half gallon of water.
• Insecticidal soap mixture can be prepared with one teaspoon of vegetable oil in one cup of water and then add one teaspoon of any dishwashing liquid. Alternately, you may use three spoons of any liquid insecticidal soap mixed in one gallon of water.

Any of the above mixtures can be sprayed on the leaves of the affected rose bushes. Leaves must get ample spray on both sides, the top and the bottom. Leave this spray on the rose bushes for a couple of hours or even more, and then rinse with simple water.

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Potatoes are eaten almost all around the world, in so many ways. It can be fried, cooked, boiled, baked and mashed. It is an essential part of the dining tables in all parts of the world. Potatoes can be and are being grown in almost every part of the world. While Maize is the largest grown crop in the world, potatoes are the fourth largest crop, after Maize, Wheat and Rice.

It is a unique crop that simultaneously comes under the Plant and the Tubers. solanum tuberosum is the botanical name of potatoes, which comes under the family Solanaceae.

Nutritional analysis of potatoes reveals that it is quite a rich energetic food, containing mainly the carbohydrates (starch, sugar, dietary fiber) with ample fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals. That makes it the favorite food all around the world. Additionally, being a versatile food item, it can be cooked in hundreds of ways.

These are herbaceous and perennial plants. Attains a height of almost two feet. Once the flowering starts and tubers are formed, its leaves start dying. Its flowers are mostly white or red but blue and purple flowers having yellow stamens is also very common.

Tubers of the varieties of potatoes having white flowers are characterized by white skin, while all other colored flower varieties have pinkish skin on tubers.

The potatoes are the most favorite food of almost everyone, you may like to grow it in your home garden. But often, when you think of growing potatoes, one question instantly arise in your mind, how would you know that the potatoes are ready for harvesting.

In this article, we will provide you with useful information on potatoes with special reference to their time of harvesting so that you may know when potatoes are ready for harvesting.

Production / Cultivation

Potatoes are cross-pollinated by the insect known as bumblebees. After flowering, small green fruit is produced. Each fruit contains around 300 seeds. This fruit is highly toxic and is not meant for human consumption.

These seeds are then utilized by the scientists to evolve new varieties of potatoes. For home garden, potatoes can be grown by planting tubers or small pieces of tubers with a couple of eyes. It can also be grown at home through cuttings.

The most common way of growing potatoes in your home garden is through seed potatoes (tubers). In developed Countries, seed potatoes are produced professionally in the greenhouses under the supervision of qualified scientists. But in most parts of the developing and underdeveloped countries, there is no such arrangement in place.

Farmers segregate their crop in these countries in three parts, largest, medium and small potatoes. The largest potatoes are then sold in the market, a medium is stored for their own consumption and the smallest ones are separated and stored as the seed potatoes for next crop.

As said earlier, it can be grown in almost every weather condition, either temperate, tropical or subtropical. It needs a temperature ranging from 10 to 30 degrees Celsius for the sharp growth of tubers. However, a temperature of 18 to 20 degrees centigrade is the ideal for the optimum growth of tubers.

Therefore it is recommended to plant the potatoes as under, depending on the climate conditions:

• In temperate regions, potatoes should be planted in an early spring season.
• In relatively warmer areas, it should be planted in a late winter season.
• In tropical conditions, potatoes should be planted during the coolest part of the season.
• In some subtropical areas (mostly hilly areas), where the temperature remains mild but plenty of sunshine is available, it can be grown throughout the year.

In general, the potato is quite a friendly plant that can adapt itself under any circumstances and need no special type of conditions to grow. The best way of planting potatoes is through seed potatoes, sown around 5-10 cm deep in the soil.

Make sure that the seed potatoes are healthy and disease free. You may also add fertilizers if required, depending on the status of the soil in respect of available nutrients in the soil. Good watering the required for successful potato crop, especially during the latter part of the growth period.

When To Harvest?

Depending on the usage, potatoes can be classified broadly into two types, the new potatoes and the mature potatoes.

New potatoes have very small sized tubers with softer skin that can be peeled off with hands. These are meant for instant consumption and are not suitable for storage. Mature potatoes, as the name suggests, are the ones, which are bigger in size and fully matured. Normally, you can get mature potatoes, around 3-4 weeks after the harvest of new potatoes.

Scientifically, potato crop becomes ready for harvesting within a period of 120 to 150 days after the seed potato is sown in the field. But knowing exactly when the crop is ready for harvesting is somewhat tricky, especially in your home garden, as you may not be an expert. For that matter, follow the pattern as under:

• New potatoes can be harvested after around 10 weeks after the date of plating the seed potatoes. Otherwise, you can start harvesting the new potatoes once the flowers start blooming for the first time.
• Mature potatoes can be harvested after a few weeks of harvesting the new potatoes. Or otherwise, you should harvest the mature potatoes once the entire leaves of the potato plant have died and withered.
• Harvesting the new potatoes is somewhat tricky. Don’t dig out the entire plant, as it is required for the production of more potatoes in coming weeks. Just remove soil from the base of the plant to expose the young small tubers. Remove only a few small tubers from each plant and leave the rest to get matured.
• While picking the small tubers, be careful not to damage the roots. Handle the new potatoes carefully as they have a delicate soft skin. Replace the removed soil back around the base of the plant, once you have harvested the new potatoes.

• Harvesting the mature potatoes is relatively easier but again, here you need some expertise to know exactly, whether the potatoes are ready for harvesting. Normally, after a few weeks of harvesting the new potatoes, mature potatoes are ready for harvesting.
• Once the foliage is completely withered you can dig up the whole plant to get the mature potatoes. To get an exact idea about the maturity of the crop, first, you should dig up a couple of plants and examine the potatoes.
• If you notice that the skin of the potatoes is still soft and can be removed by rubbing the fingers on it, don’t harvest the crop; it is not yet completely matured.
• Wait for another week or so and then do the same practice. Once you come across the potatoes with quite a firm skin, it is the time to harvest the mature potatoes. Dig out whole plants and get the potatoes separated from the plants.
• Before storing the mature potatoes, you will have to remove the entire soil and dirt from them. Wash them and let them dry up at their own in open. Once cleaned, you can store them properly.
• Check your store after a couple of weeks and discard away the potatoes that have become soft. Store the potatoes in dark place.

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Succulent plants or more often referred to as Succulents are a unique type of plants. Succulent plants are those plants, which can store water in their fleshy stems and leaves. These plants have some abnormally thickened parts that are fleshy as well, where water is retained by them, mostly in arid climates. The name succulent is derived from a Latin word “sucus” which means juice.

There is another type of plants known as Cactus, which are also known to retain water in them. But the succulent plants are a different type altogether. To better understand the difference between Cacti and Succulents, remember that almost all Cacti are Succulents but all succulents are not cacti.

Succulents are more often used as ornamental plants and are widely used in household for adding beauty to your house. There are many different families of plants, which have succulents. Out of 25 such families, Cactaceae, Aizoaceae and Crassulaceae are such families of plants that have maximum species within them, which are succulents.

Though succulents can be grown indoors, almost everywhere, the natural habitat for these plants are the areas receiving minimum rainfall and having the higher level of temperature. Basically, these are plants which can survive and successfully grow in the water scarce areas.

Due to development of water-storing tissues, these plants attain a fleshy and swollen shape, especially the leaves and the stem. This gives them a unique decorative appearance; hence widely used in household decoration. Succulents need the minimum level of care that makes them a better and favorite choice for home gardening.

In this article, we will let you know some basic things about succulents that may help you decide better on what succulents should you get for your home.

Cultivation Of Succulents

Owing to their ability to grow successfully without much care and with the minimum of water requirement, succulents are the most favorite choice for any household to add beauty to their home. These can be grown quite easily in Containers or Pots, indoors. Only care you need is to avoid overwatering. Remember, overwatering may permanently damage and may result in the death of succulents.

Succulents can be grown through vegetative propagation, such as through cuttings having the good amount of stem and leave. When the stem with leaves is cut, it instantly starts healing and form callus. After about a couple of weeks, roots start growing and your succulent is ready for placing in containers or pots inside your home.

Succulents can also be grown through division. In this method, you have to uproot an overgrown clump and pull the roots and stem apart and allow the callus to form.

Care And Maintenance

Being a drought-resistant plant, succulents need the minimum of care at home. However, while planting them indoors in your rooms keep following things in mind.

• Containers or pots used for planting succulents should have ample holes at the bottom for quick and effective drainage of water. Overwatering may cause the death of succulents.

• Never give water to leaves of succulents, always water them at the base. Idea is to moisten the soil instead of watering the plant directly.
• Wait for the soil to dry before next watering. Normally a gap of 3-4 days would be sufficient for the soil to get dry.
• Regular trimming may be required in some species whereas some may not require it so often.

What Succulents Should You Grow At Home?

There are so many varieties and species of different succulents that can easily be grown and kept at home for various purposes. Apart from the prime purpose of the decoration of your home, succulents have many other purposes as well. So, while selecting the succulents for your home, you will have to consider what you actually want from them. The utility of succulents ranges from decoration to healthcare, cosmetics and many other natural remedies.

Out of hundreds of different varieties, we may suggest the following for your home garden or for your room decoration.

Agave

This is a sturdy rosette shaped succulent. Its sap can be converted into agave nectar, which is a natural sweetener that can be an alternative to sugar. Its leaves are hard having white linings. Queen Victoria Agave may be the best option, which is a smaller one and is so beautiful.

Aloe Vera

Aloe vera is quite a famous and beneficial succulent plant that can be grown easily in your home. It has many medicinal utilities such as the treatment of burns. While planting or cutting the leaves, handle with care, as its leaves are very sharp edged that may injure your hands.

Crinkle Leaf Plant

These succulents have wavy leaves and are so beautiful that can be used as decoration in your home. But they need plenty of light, so, make sure they get it frequently.

Jade Plant

This is another beautiful succulent plant for your home decoration. It has shiny leaves. Its stem is elliptical, which has branches. You may give them any shape you like, through pruning and trimming.

Maxican Rose

Another very beautiful addition in your home decoration. It has velvety and reddish leaves. Care is required for their leaves. Don’t allow water to touch the leaves otherwise, they will lose their beauty.

Firestick Plant

Firestick plant has fine red branches. It needs plenty of sunshine to grow well. Remember, its latex is very much toxic and irritating. So, take care not to allow it to touch your hands.

Zebra Haworthia

It has white striped leathery leaves. Grows well in the indirect bright light. Very beautiful looking plant, you must have in your home.

Snake Plant

As the name suggests, its leaves are quite long pointy green leaves with yellow patterns. Can be grown in moderate light.

Cobweb Houseleek

It is a rosette-shaped plant that can grow equally good under shade or in the sunlight.

Common Houseleek

It is also a rosette-shaped plant having smooth edges. It may prove a good addition to your room decoration.

There are hundreds of varieties of succulents that are well known for their decorative touch but the ultimate choice will mainly depend on your own aesthetic sense and the decoration layout of your room.

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Plants, flowers and other things like these not only add beauty to your home but at the same time are much more beneficial in so many ways. Apart from improving the ambiance of your house, plants also give you a refreshing feeling; in fact, they add freshness to the air.

Above all, many plants, flowers and herbs have tremendous utility in your kitchen, in addition to their medicinal value.

That’s why people love to have plants in their home, especially indoors. There are hundreds of varieties of different plants that can be grown easily in your backyard garden or even indoors, in pots.

Each one has its own utility and benefits. But there are so many aromatic herbs that can easily be grown in your home garden or in pots or containers, indoors.

The best part of growing aromatic herbs in your home is their unique scent which spreads all around giving a pleasant feeling. Additionally, these look beautiful and gives a decorative touch to your home.

These aromatic herbs are frequently used in the kitchen in various dishes to make them tastier and healthier. Aromatic herbs also have their unique utility as a natural remedy to so many ailments.

In this article, we will guide you on how to grow aromatic herbs at home.

General Guidance On Growing Aromatic Herbs At Home

Though it is very easy to grow aromatic herbs at home in your backyard garden or indoors in containers, yet you must know some basic things that may help you a lot in growing them successfully.

If you are planning to grow herbs indoors, prefer to buy plants from the nursery or garden shop. Select those plants which have not yet been shifted outdoors by the nursery people. This is very important. If you buy plants that are growing outside already, shifting them into your home, indoors may cause a damaging impact owing to environmental change.

• During winter, most of the herbs do not grow fast; rather this is a resting period for them. So, take good care of them during winter and give minimum possible water to them during winter.
• Clipping on regular intervals helps improve their growth.
• Plant each type of herb in separate containers. Growing different types in one container are not at all recommended. Similarly, if you are planting them in the garden, plant one type of herbs at one place; do not mix them. Mixing different species or varieties of herbs in one container may result in various diseases.
• As a general rule, always use pots or containers having sufficient drainage holes in the bottom to avoid waterlogging. Remember, water retained in the containers, in excess of the requirement of plants, results in fungus and various other diseases to plants.
• Fill the pots or containers with good quality home garden soil. This soil must be available in your local garden shop. Never use soil from your backyard or anywhere else, as it may contain harmful ingredients or germs. 
• For those herbs or plants that grow best in a soil having a bit of extra lime, you may add a couple of crushed eggshells in the soil.

• Fertilizers are a must for the herbs grown in pots. So, add fertilizer to your herbs that help grow more leaves, instead of more flowers. Reason? The most useful part of the herbs is their leaves, not the flowers. 
• While watering the herbs, do not sprinkle water on leaves; rather water them near the stem. If possible, add a teaspoonful of fishmeal to 4 liters of water. This will provide sufficient nutrients to the herbs.
• Avoid overwatering. Make sure that the soil gets sufficiently dry before you go for next watering. Remember, yellowing of leaves is a major sign of overwatering.
• Place the containers at places where they receive good sunshine during a reasonable part of the day.

Which Herbs To Grow At Home?

As said earlier, there are hundreds of varieties of aromatic herbs that can easily be grown at home. However, here are some most common herbs recommended for your home.

Lemongrass

Lemongrass is a quite useful herb that grows easily in your home. Interestingly, it can be grown without soil. Just buy the stalk of lemongrass from your local market. Select one having the good amount of stem. Trim from the top and place it in the water a couple of inches deep. It will produce many shoots and roots for your kitchen use.

Mint

There are two types of mint, peppermint, and spearmint. Both can be grown easily at home. For indoors, peppermint is the best option out of the two. Can be grown through seeds in pots having good quality garden soil. Though it can grow successfully under shade but make sure it gets ample sunshine for a short period during the day.

Chives

Chives are a kind of herb that does not require much sunshine, so best for indoors. Can be grown from the already established plants of chives. Just pick a bunch from the grown-up plant (ensuring that it contains roots as well). Plant it in pots with good quality potting soil. Roots should be covered properly with the soil. For speedy and best growth, trim a good portion of growth on the top.

Vietnamese Coriander

It is the seed of an herb known as cilantro. Can be grown very easily in your home.

Parsley

Very common herb used frequently in almost all households. Can be grown from seeds, which start germination within two weeks. Very much a friendly herb, as it needs a minimum of care. However, remember it is a slow growing herb.

Thyme

Thyme is also very popular herb grown at home. It needs plenty of sunshine during the day. While grown indoors, it may also need supplemental light, which may be provided through artificial lights such as electric bulbs. A variety of thyme, known as lemon thyme has a unique scent and flavor; hence recommended for your home garden.

Oregano

Like the thyme, oregano also needs plenty of sunshine during the day. So, plant them at a place where they can get direct sunlight for more than six hours a day.

Rosemary

Another useful aromatic herb that can be grown at home. Needs special care while watering, as it can easily be damaged with slightest of overwatering. Some varieties are just like the creeping plants whereas a few are of the bush-like appearance. Tuscan Blue and blue spire are the best options for the home garden.

Basil

Though very useful for your kitchen, this herb is somewhat difficult to grow at your home, especially during winter season. With little extra effort, you can grow them in your garden or even indoors. Best varieties recommended for you are African Blue or Spicy Clobe.

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When you think of flowers, a beautiful spring season comes in your mind. On the contrary, while thinking of an autumn season, one gets a feeling of fallen yellowish leaves all around. One can hardly think of any flowers blooming in this season, especially in the areas which are relatively colder than others.

No doubt most of the flowers bloom in spring but there are some others which bloom in autumn and even in winter season. So, if you want your garden to bloom in the autumn as well, you need a little bit of planning.

For a beautiful blooming garden in autumn and even going further up to winter, one has to start planting the autumn and winter blooming flower species in containers or on the borders of your garden during the spring season.

Need no special technique to grow these autumn flowering plants; just grow them as you grow other plants. But naturally, you won’t like to spoil your garden layout right at the peak of the spring season. That’s why it is recommended to grow autumn blooming flower plants on the borders and in the containers.

There are so many varieties and species of flowering plants that bloom in autumn. If you are interested in decorating your garden with blooming flowers during the autumn, this article will guide you on which flowers bloom in autumn.

Crocus

Crocus is considered the best autumn flowering plants. Growing these plants can be the great value addition to your home garden. There are different varieties of crocus that blossom in autumn.

• The most popular type of crocus that bloom in autumn is known as Saffron Crocus. These are also known as lilac, which is bright colored having a red stigma.
• Another type of autumn-blooming crocus is called Cloth of gold, which is orange-gold in color, having brown stripes on their petals.
• Crocus pulchellus or pale lilac is yet another variety for this purpose. These are yellow in color having purple veins.
• Bieberstein crocus having flowers that are lavender colored or of vibrant violet-bluish color.

For successful growth, crocus needs a well-drained soil. Remember, water should not stay around this plant, otherwise it will be damaged. So, make sure to plant them under the wide trees, if your area receives much rain. Can also be planted under the shrubs.

Heleniums

Also called the sneezeweed. These are red, yellow or orange in color. Plant a mixture of different colored flowering heleniums in different parts of your garden so as to get a spectacular view of blossoming autumn flowers. Though heleniums can be grown through seeds but it is better to grow them from clumps of helenium plants.

You can obtain these clumps from your neighboring garden or otherwise can be bought from the garden shop. Select a healthy live clump of heleniumn plant and then divide it into little clumps having only 2-3 rosettes. Another way of raising helenium plant is through the stem cuttings. Whatever may be your choice, you must do in the spring season to get blooming autumn flowers.

Sternbergia

Sternbergia is very much similar to the crocus. These are yellow in color and is known for its beautiful autumn flowers. In some parts of the world, these are also known as fall daffodils.

Sternbergia bulbs can be planted at any place in your garden but make sure that it gets plenty of sunlight during the later part of the day. Bulbs should always be sown deep enough in the soil, not less than 4-5 inches deep.

Dahlia

Dahlia is yet another very popular autumn blooming flower plant. It has large vibrant flowers, which bloom under the sun during the autumn mornings. Flowers of dahlia varies from 2 inches to 10 inches in size.

These can be grown from the tubers, during the spring season. Soil should be well-drained. This plant can attain a height of up to five feet. These plants are susceptible to gusty winds, so make sure to protect them properly from the wind.

Begonia

Begoina is famous for their long lasting flowering season that starts blooming during summer and lasts till the start of frost season in winter. This may be a good choice for your garden to blossom during autumn. These are available in different kinds of orange, red, pink, white or yellow colors.

Begonia can be raised through tubers. These should be grown in pots under a shade, preferably the shade of trees or even under the roof. Preferably these should be planted in the spring season. Once the plants start growing, you can shift them in the open air, after about 6-8 weeks.

Nerine

This is yet another beautiful flowering plant that blossoms in autumn. Nerine flowers are pink in color. When planted in groups these pink nerines give a pleasant looking view in the bright autumn mornings.

These pink flowers keep on blooming during the entire autumn season; hence may be a good choice for your garden. Its large strap-shaped foliage lasts even longer; even during the winter as well. They can be grown in the well-drained soil during the spring season.

Cyclamen Hederifolium

Cyclamen are also very popular autumn flowering plants. Think of carpet of autumn-blooming cyclamen in your garden; something worth seeing. Plant them beneath the trees or shady areas, which normally go desolated during the autumn. When cyclamen start blossoming, it gives a lush silvery leaves and white and pink flowers that last the entire autumn.

Gladiolus Murielle

Gladiolus murielae is a beautiful autumn flowering plant. Can be planted in spring to give you fragrant flowers during the whole autumn season. Flowers are large and white in color. Remember to remove the corms as the leftover grassy foliage can badly damage this plant. Also, protect them against the hard cold weather.

In addition to the above, you may also grow some winter flowering plants in your garden alongside the autumn-blooming flowers. Winter blossoming flowers are of different types and varieties such as Cyclamen coun, Snowdrop and winter aconite.

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